Estudio de mercados y factibilidad financiera para la apertura de una sede del preescolar Yatay en el sector de cañaveral

Abstract

El presente estudio de mercado y de factibilidad financiera, nace a raíz de la necesidad latente que presenta la actual sede del Preescolar Yatay en Lagos del Cacique, donde se alberga el número de niños igual al de la capacidad diseñada, y el cual presenta una demanda de niños que aumenta anualmente debido a su excelencia en la prestación de servicios educativos. El proyecto se inicia con la investigación de mercados correspondiente en el sector de Cañaveral donde por medio de la encuesta, con cuestionario dirigido, a 213 personas seleccionadas por conveniencia. El estudio se dirige a la población de niños entre los cero y lo cinco años de edad que pertenezcan a los estratos cuatro, cinco y seis del sector de Cañaveral y sitios aledaños, ya que estos serían los usuarios potenciales de la nueva institución. Según los resultados de la investigación de mercados aplicada, un importante porcentaje de los encuestados argumentan índices positivos hacia la nueva y futura sede del preescolar Yatay, teniendo en cuenta criterios de evaluación como ubicación, prestigio, costos, excelencia y servicios adicionales a la hora de la escogencia de un colegio para los niños. Con respecto a la ubicación estratégica de la nueva institución, se utiliza el método puntos por factor, el cual arroja un predio con una ubicación en un sector distinguido y conocido en Cañaveral. Se plantea el uso de diferentes publicidades como radial, escrita, y presencial por medio de diferentes actividades en sitios públicos, para que la población se interese en inscribir a los niños en la nueva institución educativa. En cuanto a la factibilidad financiera, se detalla los requerimientos de maquinaria, equipo, personal necesario, para poder deducir la totalidad de la inversión en recursos y efectivo. Igualmente se tienen en cuenta los gastos fijos como lo representan los servicios públicos domiciliarios, gastos a terceros, y otros gastos necesarios. Finalmente se calculan los indicadores financieros requeridos para deducir si el proyecto es viable o no en cuanto a nivel financiero, dando como resultados valores muy positivos para la inversión y desarrollo del proyecto planteado. Como conclusión general se puede deducir que la realización del proyecto, y la apertura de una nueva sede del preescolar Yatay en el sector de Cañaveral, teniendo en cuenta factores sociales, técnicos, de mercadeo y financiero, es factible y ejecutable.

This market and financial feasibility study for the installation of a new headquarter of Yatay Preschool in the area Canaveral borns following a latent need that presents the current headquarters in Lagos of Cacique Yatay Preschool, which houses the number of children equals to the design capacity, and which has a demand for children which increases annually due to its excellence in providing educational services and high personal approach to each child in the institution depending on their needs, skills, abilities, strengths and weaknesses. Therefore it is decided to conduct a graduation project that meets the research needs of the school, which is part of one of the best and most renowned educational institutions such as the Association for Education (ASPAEN) to which they belong prestigious national schools and municipal, as Saucara and Cantillana Gym, to name a few. Also it is taken into account the need for knowledge of student learning and development carried out by research. It starts with appropriate market research in the area of Canaveral through a survey, with a questionnaire conducted to 213 people selected for convenience, it is known the behavior, opinion, position, and suggestions of the target population. The study addresses the population of children between zero and five years of age strata belonging to four, five and six sector Canaveral and nearby sites, since these would be potential users of the new institution. According to the results of market research applied to the population referred, a significant percentage of respondents argue positive rates to the new and future home of preschool Yatay, taking into account the evaluation criteria such as location, reputation, costs, additional service excellence and when choosing a school for children. It also reflects that children between zero and two years are in a situation of little attention by educational institutions existing in the area of Canaveral, as this is the largest age in which we study, so it is evident that it should be emphasized in educational methods that have children of this age. With regard to the strategic location of the new institution, using the point factor method, which yields a site with a location on a distinguished and well known industry Canaveral, with the necessary requirements to be packed into a school, where safety of children is paramount. It is proposed the use of different advertising and radio, written and face through various activities in public places for the general population of Bucaramanga and its Metropolitan Area know, different, and are interested in enrolling children in new school, thanks to discounts, bonuses and various pre-launch activities. In terms of financial feasibility, detailed the requirements of machinery, equipment, personnel necessary to fully deduct investment in resources and cash. Also it is taken into account fixed costs as represented by the public services, costs to third parties, and other necessary expenses. It details the selection of leasing as an alternative to purchasing the property to be equipped for the new headquarters as well as interest and monthly fees to remove the directives of the new preschool Yatay. Respective analysis is performed with respect to the projected cash flow over five years, balance sheet and profit and loss statement also planned.