Análisis de series temporales en el sector lácteo de Antioquia para detectar efectos de la apertura comercial

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Abstract

La apertura comercial en Colombia representa cambios estructurales para diferentes sectores económicos, en especial, el sector lácteo. En este trabajo se presenta un análisis de los precios al consumidor de tres productos representativos de este sector, en relación a algunos cambios que se han generado luego del inicio del acuerdo comercial con Estados Unidos, utilizando modelos de series temporales y la comparación de precios pronosticados versus reales, donde se encontraron efectos preliminares negativos en precios de la leche en polvo entera, mas no en los precios del queso y la leche entera pasteurizada.


The Trade liberalization in Colombia represents structural changes for different economic sectors, especially the dairy sector. This paper presents an analysis of consumer prices of three representative products of this sector, in relation to changes that have been generated after the start of the trade agreement with United States, using time series models and a comparison between real vs forecasted prices, where it was found preliminary negative effects in prices of whole milk powder, but not in the cheese and on the pasteurized whole milk.

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