Estudio de la influencia de la temperatura y la humedad en un proceso de extracción de aceite de semillas vegetales

Abstract

El proyecto busca diseñar y construir un sistema de extracción de aceite tipo expeler para su aplicación en subproductos de cultivos agrarios; el equipo permitirá variar la temperatura y la humedad para determinar su influencia en el proceso de obtención de aceite a partir de la semilla de algodón. En los últimos años la tendencia mundial de los países desarrollados ha estado orientada a la obtención de combustibles a partir de aceites vegetales y considerando que Colombia es un productor importante de algodón, palma, higuerilla y muchos otros, se hace indispensable buscar un uso mas adecuado a los subproductos de estos cultivos. El sistema consta de una etapa de precalentamiento, seguida de una etapa de compresión a través de un husillo o tornillo sin fin y por último una etapa de recolección tanto de aceite como de bagazo (parte sólida de la semilla). El aceite recolectado podrá ser utilizado en un proceso químico de producción de biocombustible en una etapa posterior.

The activities of the management internship were aimed at developing the necessary information as for costs, times and requests of parts and replacements for the preventive maintenance service of CHEVROLET cars, off-road vehicles and trucks, which have less than 2 years of commercial life in the Colombian market and are distributed by the concessionary CAMPESA INC. The preventive maintenance routines were established each other five thousand kilometers (5000 Km.) of road -interval suggested by the literature- and to a limiting extent of a hundred thousand kilometers (100000 Km.) -based on the periodic maintenance guides of General Motor Colmotores and complemented with the information provided by the manuals of each model, the latter being used to determine the period of replacement of some parts. All the previous allowed to guarantee that the information given by the advisor was absolutely clear for the client. Such programs were developed in a way that all the information –including time of permanence of a vehicle in the workshop for a particular routine- could be at the disposal of the advisors. Hence, it could be possible to provide the same information to the same client, no matter who the advisor was, with the certainty that the technical personnel performed the procedures offered because they, as well as the advisors, will acquire knowledge about the maintenance routines by means of formats with specific information about particular tasks that will be available in the workshop area.